Auxiliary heater



June 2, 1925. 1,540,452

A. ZACHARIAS AUXILIARY HEATER Filed NOV- 5, 1923 Sheets-Sheet l l 4f I 45 "5 44 44 Junez,1925.` 1,540,452

` A. zAcHARlAs AUXILIARY HEATER Filed Nov. 5, 1923 2 Sheets-'Sheet 2 'fl- 4 of Fig. 2;

Patented June 2, 1925.

AUGUST ZACHARIAS, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINlNEVSOTA.

AUXILIARY HEATER.

Application .filed November 3, 1923. Serial No. 672,525.

To all @07mm t may concern.'

le it known that I, AUGUST ZACHARTAs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Minneapolis, in the county of Hennepin and State of Minnesota, have invented certain :new and useful Improvements in Auxiliary Heaters; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My present invention provides an extremely simple and highly efficient stovel or heater especially adapted to be made at low cost from sheet metal and especially Well adapted for use in connection with an oil or gas burner. Generally stated, the invention consists of the novel devices and combinations Aof devices hereinafter described and defined in the claims.

From a broad point of view, the improved stove or heater may be made in different forms and, of course, in different sizes, but the structure is such that it naturally adapts itself to a rectangular formation and for the making of heaters for use in school houses, oiiice buildings, factories, garages,

and for the heating of dwellings not equip-f ped with a furnace; but the 'said heater, when provided with a surrounding jacket or shelf, will make a highly eiiicicnt hot air furnace. The stove or heater illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like characters indicate like parts throughout the several views, is such as will be fbund efficient and desirable for the uses first above noted. v

Referring to the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a perspective showing the im-` proved heater;

Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; u

Fig. 3 is a front to rear vertical section taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1, some parts being broken away;

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on the lmo Fig. 5 is a horizontal section on the line 55 of Fig. 2; and

Fig. 6 is a perspective showing the oil drip pan removed from the heater.

The outer shell of the heater, as shown, is a vertically elongated rectangular structure made up of laterally spaced side plates 7, a front plate 8, a back plate 9, a bottom plate- 10, and Pyramidal top plate .11,

which plates .are tied together by corner angles 12 riveted or otherwise rigidly securedthereto with tight joints. This outer' shell is supported by legs 13, so that the bottom of the shell is above the floor. A short distance above its bot-tom, the shell is provided with a horizontal sheet metal plate 14 that extends from side to side and to the front thereof, but at its rear edge is. proyided with a downturned portion 14 that is spa-ced from the back plate 9 and extends down to the bottom plate 10, (see Figs. 2 and 3). Above the horizontal plate 14, the: shell is provided with another horizontal plate 15 that also extends from side to side and from the front plate `of the shell, but terminates short of the back plate 9 so'as to leave a rear flame passage 16 that is the full width of the interior of the shell. Between the plates 10 and 14 there is thus formed a drip panchamber 17, and between the plates 14 and 15 is formed a primary combustion chamber 18. At their fronts, the chambers 17 and 18 are primarily open but normally closed by hinged doors 19 and 20, the former of which is provided with adjustable air-controlling dampers 2l. The plate 14, at its center, is provided with a large air passage 22 over which is placed a burner base 23V shown as equipped with,

two oil burners 23. The burners 23 are shown as supplied with oil, such as kerosene or distillate, through branch pipes 24 equipped with valves 24 and connected to a main oil supply pipe 2'5 that leads from a suitably supported elevated oil supply tank 26.

To catch any oil dripping from the burners, I provide a drip an 27 shown as provided with a hopper-like bottom vhaving a drain passage 27 atits lowest point This pan is removably supported on flanges 28,

preferably small angle bars secured on the side plates 7. When this drip pan is positioned, its drain passage 27 "stands over a funnel-like drain nipple 29 formed on or secured to the bottom plate 10. The numeral 30 indicates an oil-receiving receptacle placedbelow the drain nipple 29.

Adjacent to but refer-ably slightly spaced from the sido p ates 7 of the main shell is a pair of laterally spaced main air intake ducts 31. These air ducts 31 are of shallow but wide rectangular cross section and they extend from the front plate 8 to ythe back plate 9 in front to rear direction and in a vertical direction extend from zontally extended air duct 32 is that nearly all of the heat produced by points below the bottom plate 10 up through said plate 10 and the lates 14 and 15 and through the bottom p ate of a horizontal air duct 32,- which latter extends through the laterally spaced side plates 7 but is spaced from the front and rear plates 8 and 9 so as to leave short vertical flame passages 33, Spaced above the transverse hori a similar front to rear air .duct 34 that extends through the front and rear plates 8 and 9 but is spaced from the side'plates 7 so as to form short vertical flame passages 35.

Spaced abovethe air duct 34 isa second transverse horizontally extended air duct 36 that is rectangular in vertical cross sectionA and extends through the side plates 7 but is 9 to afford short front and rearair passages 37. vSpaced above the second transverse air duct 36 is a second front to rear air duct 38 that extends through the front and rear plates 8 and 9 but is spaced from the side plates 7 so as to form' short laterally spaced air passages 40. A large but vertically short air tube 41 centrally connects rthe air ducts 32 and 34; a similar air tube 42 centrally connects the'air ducts 34 and 36; and another similar air tube 43 centrally connects the air ducts 36 and 38. c It will now be seen that the air ducts 32and 36 extend at right angles to the air ducts 34 and 38 and that,

the flame passage takes a rectangular winding course around all of these air ducts.

A smoke stack 44, shown as equipped with a damper 45, leads' upward from the pyramidal .dome or top late 11 for carrying off the products of combustion. Preferably, hot air ducts 46 extend through the top plate of the air duct 38 and through the top plate 11.

In actual practice, this heater.l has been found to be of exceedingly high efficiency. The hot liames or hot products of combustion from the burner are caused to take a long tortuous rectangular course around the numerous and long tortuous air ducts, lSlo t e combustion may-be transferred to the air and the products of combustion discharged at very low temperature with a resulting hi heconomy in the use of the fuel. The co dest air will be drawn from the vicinity of the floor up through the primary air ducts 31 and this air, as it is heated, will be by other drafts of relatively cold or cool air drawn in through the horizontal air ducts and the resulting stream .of air will be carried centrally upward through spaced from the front and rear plates 8 and and 43. All of the air ducts, it will would all be discharged out through the upper are provided and are of a sufficient size or number to readily take care of the maximum flow of hot air, most of the hot air will be delivered therethrough. The transverse air ducts 32, 34,36, and 38 have this peculiar function that they may act either as cool air intake ducts or as hot air outlet ducts. As long as the hot air finds a ready escape up- -ward, they will act as air intake ducts, but

when the flow of hot air is more rapid, so that aA chokingaction is produced in the upper passages, then they will act more or less as hot air outlet ducts. In this respect,

the said air ducts are self-regulating and, 1n

practice, take care of the heating conditions in the most satisfactory manner.

So far as my invention is concerned, any suitable form of oil or gas burner may be employed and, in fact, 'a coal or Woodburner may be employed when desired. Nevertheless, the above described structure is peculiarly adapted for use of oil or gas burners. The term oil or gas burner is herein used synonomously to indicate a iuid fuel burner. Y

What I claim is:

1. A heater comprising a casing, transverse air ducts extended through said casing and interconnected by vertical air tubes, a primary combustion chamber in the lower portion of said casing, in said combustion chamber, the sides of said air ducts being spaced from the sides ofthe casing. to afford tortlious llame passages extended from said combustion chamber upward and between the sides of the casino air duct 38, but when the air ducts 46- and an oil burner I and air ducts and under and over said transverse air ducts and terminating at its upper extremity in an outlet stack.

2. `In a heater, lower portion with a primary'combustion chamberv and above said combustion chamber having transverse air ducts that extend in intersecting vertical planes and are interconnected vertically, andthe sides of said air ducts beim` spaced from the sides of the casing to aifbrd flame passages extended upward from said primary combustion'chamber and between the sides of the casing and air ducts and under and over said transverse air ducts and terminating in an outlet stack. I

3. The structure defined .in claim 2 in further combination with laterally spaced primary air ducts extended ,through the bottom of said casing and connected to the first of said transverse air ducts.

4. The structure defined in claim 2 in further combination with laterally spaced rimary air ducts extended through the ttom of said casing and connected to the first of said transverse air ducts, and hot air outlet tubes extended from the uppermost nf a casing provided at its said transverse air duets upward through the top of said casing.

5. A heater comprising a reetangulareasing provided in its lower portion with a primary combustion chamber, transverse rectangular horizontal air ducts extended through said casing at different elevations, said air ducts being alternately extended in dil'erent intersecting vertical planes and at their sides spaced from the Walls of said easing to atl'ord flame passages extended upward from said primary combustion chamber and between the sides of the easinter and air duets and under and over said air ducts, said transverse air ducts being interconnected by vertical air tubes.

(t. A heater comprising a rectangular casing provided in its lower portion with a primary combustion chamber, :transverse rectangular horizontal air ducts extended through said casing at different elevations, said air ducts' beingalternately extended in dterent intersecting vertical planes and at their sides spaced from the walls oit said easing to afford flame passages extended upward from said primary combustion chamber and between the sides of the easing and air duets and under and over said air duets, and primary air intake duets that extend from the lowermost transverse air' duct downward in said casing along the sides of -said primary combustion chamber and open through the bottom of said casing.

7 The 'structure defined in claim 6 in which said transverse air duets are interconnected by vertical air tubes centrally 1ocated Within the easing.

8. The structure defined in claim 6 in which said transverse air duets are interconnected by vertical air tubes centrally located within the easing, and in further combination with a foul air stack leading from the upper portion ot said easing, and air tubes extended from the uppermost transverse air duet through the top of said easing.

ln testimony whereof I affix my signature.

AUGUST ZACHARIAS. 

